International Research Journal of Education and Technology

Dalits, historically referred to as "Untouchables," represent a marginalized community in the Indian subcontinent subjected to systemic discrimination and social exclusion under the traditional caste hierarchy. Despite constitutional safeguards and affirmative action policies aimed at promoting equality, Dalits continue to face widespread social, economic, and political challenges, including caste-based violence, limited access to education, and economic disparities. This document examines the historical context of Dalit oppression, the evolution of Dalit identity, and the rise of movements advocating for social justice and equality, such as those led by Dr.B.R. Ambedkar. It also explores contemporary issues faced by Dalit communities and their ongoing struggle for dignity, representation, and rights in modern society. Through this analysis, the work aims to shed light on both the resilience of Dalit communities and the structural reforms necessary for achieving true social inclusion.