International Research Journal of Education and Technology

The higher education system in India has witnessed remarkable growth over the past few decades, becoming one of the largest systems in the world. However, the sector faces significant challenges, including issues of quality, accessibility, funding, and employability. This paper explores the current structure of Indian higher education, its historical evolution, and the key challenges it faces. It also discusses government initiatives and policy reforms aimed at improving the quality and reach of higher education. The paper highlights the role of private institutions, technology integration, and international collaborations in shaping the future of higher education in India. Finally, it offers suggestions for enhancing the overall efficiency and global competitiveness of Indian higher education institutions.

Keywords: Higher Education, National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER), Research and Innovation, Industry-Academia Linkage, Regulatory Framework, Quality of Education, Access and Equity, Skill Development, Infrastructure Development.