International Research Journal of Education and Technology

Unreasonable mining and smelting of mineral resources, solid waste disposal, sewage irrigation, and the use of pesticides and fertilizers would cause a significant amount of heavy metal pollutants to enter the water and soil environment, endangering human health and ecological security. Heavy metals have the potential to build up in the food chain, and eventually make their way into human bodies via the intake of polluted water, crops, or animals. A prolonged exposure to heavy metals may result in a variety of health difficulties, including neurological diseases, organ damage, developmental troubles, and even some forms of cancer. Pollution from heavy metals may have a negative impact on ecosystems and on species. Heavy metal pollution in water bodies poses a significant threat to aquatic creatures like fish and other aquatic species, which are especially susceptible to the effects of this contamination. It may result in a reduction in the biodiversity of an area, issues with reproduction, and even a loss in population. The development of plants is negatively impacted by soil pollution, which may also have a negative effect on the creatures that are dependent on these plants. In recent years, the majority of researchers have attempted to remove heavy metal contaminants by using biochar, which has a number of benefits including broad raw material sources, cheap cost, and high environmental stability. In order to give some technical support for the application of biochar into heavy metal contaminated soils, the purpose of this study was to examine the definition of biochar as well as its characteristics, the mechanism of heavy metal sorption by biochar, as well as certain issues and possibilities linked to these topics.

Key words: Heavy Metals, Biochar, Wastewater, Environmental pollution, Adsorption